Traditionally, archaeologists would digitise illustrations of artifacts by scanning them as high-resolution images. However, a flaw to this method is the loss of detail when the pixel-based image is scaled. A more modern process has been digitising illustrations into vector graphics instead. Using this method, archaeologists can preserve the details of the illustrations regardless of the scale. A guide has been created to utilise Adobe Illustrator as a tool to convert modern illustrations into vector graphics.
Have a go yourself with the guide here: https://adobe.arts.mq.edu.au/support/design-and-illustration/tracing-technical-drawings/